A ranar 3 ga Mayu, 2023, Hukumar EPA ta buga wata doka da aka gabatar a cikin Rijistar Tarayya don hana yawancin amfani da methylene chloride.
An amince da EPA don dokar da aka gabatar a ƙarƙashin Dokar Kula da Abubuwan Guba (TSCA), kuma dichloromethane shine sinadari na biyu wanda haɗarinsa ke ƙarƙashin tsarin gyara da Frank R. Lautenberg ya ƙirƙira. Dokar Tsaron Sinadarai ta ƙarni na 21 ta 2016, bayan shirin hukumar na kare mutane daga fallasa ga asbestos a bara.
Ana amfani da Dichloromethane ta hanyoyi daban-daban, ciki har da amfani da masu amfani kamar su na'urorin rage ɗumama aerosol da masu tsaftace goge don fenti da shafa fenti, aikace-aikacen kasuwanci kamar manne da sealants, da kuma aikace-aikacen masana'antu wajen samar da wasu sinadarai. Misali, ana amfani da dichloromethane a matsayin matsakaiciyar sinadarai wajen samar da hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs)32, waɗanda ake amfani da su a cikin na'urorin sanyaya daki don maye gurbin abubuwa da ƙarfin dumamar yanayi mafi girma.
A cewar Hukumar Kare Muhalli, akalla mutane 85 ne suka mutu sakamakon kamuwa da cutar methylene chloride mai tsanani tun daga shekarar 1980, galibinsu ma'aikatan kwantiragin gyaran gidaje ne wadanda aka horar da su sosai kuma aka sanya musu kayan kariya na sirri.
Binciken haɗarin da hukumar ba ta tabbatar ba game da dichloromethane ya faru ne saboda haɗarin da ke tattare da ma'aikata, ƙwararrun ma'aikata waɗanda ba sa amfani da shi (ma'aikatan da ke kusa amma ba sa fuskantar sinadarin kai tsaye), masu amfani da shi, da waɗanda ke kusa da wurin da mai amfani yake amfani da shi. Hukumar Kare Muhalli ta gano haɗarin da ke tattare da mummunan tasirin lafiyar ɗan adam, gami da gubar jijiyoyi, tasirin hanta da ciwon daji daga shaƙa, da kuma fallasa fata ga methylene chloride.
Dokokin kula da haɗari da aka gabatar za su rage samar da, sarrafawa da rarraba methylene chloride cikin sauri ga duk amfanin masu amfani da kuma yawancin amfani da masana'antu da kasuwanci, waɗanda mafi yawansu za a aiwatar da su gaba ɗaya cikin watanni 15. Ga mafi yawan amfani da methylene chloride da EPA ta gabatar don hana, bincikenta ya nuna cewa galibi ana samun madadin farashi da inganci ga samfuran methylene chloride.
"Kimiyyar da ke bayan methylene chloride a bayyane take kuma fallasa na iya haifar da mummunan sakamako ga lafiya har ma da mutuwa, wanda hakan gaskiya ne ga iyalai da yawa waɗanda suka rasa ƙaunatattunsu sakamakon guba mai tsanani," in ji Manajan EPA Michael S. Regan. a cikin wata sanarwa da ya fitar a wata sanarwa ta hukuma. "Shi ya sa EPA ke ɗaukar mataki ta hanyar ba da shawarar kare lafiyar ma'aikata ta hanyar gabatar da tsauraran matakan tsaro a wurin aiki wanda zai hana yawancin amfani da wannan sinadarai da kuma rage fallasa ga duk wasu. Tuntuɓi. Wannan haramcin tarihi da aka tsara yana nuna babban ci gaba da muka samu a aiwatar da sabbin kariya don amincin sinadarai da kuma ɗaukar matakan da suka daɗe suna ɗauka don inganta lafiyar jama'a."
"Ga masana'antu, sarrafa masana'antu, da amfani da gwamnatin tarayya wanda EPA ba ta gabatar da shawarar hana ba, EPA tana ba da shirin kariyar sinadarai a wurin aiki tare da tsauraran iyakokin fallasa don kare ma'aikata," in ji ta a cikin wata sanarwa. "EPA ta sami bayanan masana'antu da ke nuna cewa wasu wurare na iya bin ƙa'idodin ƙa'idodin fallasa methylene chloride da aka gabatar. Waɗannan buƙatun da aka gabatar za su ba da damar ci gaba da sarrafa methylene chloride don samar da sinadarai waɗanda ke da mahimmanci don rage ƙoƙarin sauyin yanayi da aka bayyana a cikin Rahoton Ƙirƙira da Masana'antu na Amurka. Aiki yana da mahimmanci. Na'urorin sanyaya daki masu dacewa da yanayi da sauran sinadarai suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen yaƙi da sauyin yanayi, kuma dokar da EPA ta gabatar tana goyon bayan ci gaba da ƙoƙarin rage hayaki mai gurbata muhalli."
Bugu da ƙari, EPA ta ba da shawarar cewa wasu amfani da dichloromethane da NASA, DOD da FAA ke buƙata ana ci gaba da kula da su sosai a wurin aiki, domin ana iya rage yawan fallasa a cikin waɗannan mawuyacin yanayi don rage haɗarin ga ma'aikata gwargwadon iko.
Sanarwar ta ce, "Hanawa da takunkumin da aka gabatar za su kuma kare al'umma daga kamuwa da methylene chloride." "Hukumar Kare Muhalli, ta yi amfani da bayanan fallasa guba na tsawon shekaru shida, ta gano ƙaramin adadin wurare a matsayin haɗari ga al'ummomin da aka shinge. Haramcin da aka yi a cikin dokar da EPA ta gabatar zai shafi ci gaba da amfani da methylene chloride a mafi yawan waɗannan wurare, wanda a zahiri haɗari ne ga al'umma."
Za a karɓi ra'ayoyi kan dokar da aka gabatar ta hanyar Tashar Tsarin Dokokin Lantarki ta Tarayya har zuwa 3 ga Yuli, 2023, lambar shiga EPA-HQ-OPPT-2020-0465.
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