An gano cewa wani ma'adinin ƙasa da aka rarraba sosai, α-iron-(III) oxyhydroxide, shine mai kara kuzari da za a iya sake amfani da shi don rage iskar carbon dioxide zuwa formic acid. Daraja: Farfesa Kazuhiko Maeda
Rage amfani da iskar CO2 zuwa man fetur mai ɗaukar kaya kamar formic acid (HCOOH) hanya ce mai kyau ta magance hauhawar matakan CO2 a cikin yanayi. Domin taimakawa wajen wannan aikin, wata ƙungiyar bincike a Cibiyar Fasaha ta Tokyo ta zaɓi wani ma'adinai mai tushen ƙarfe mai sauƙin samu kuma ta ɗora shi a kan tallafin alumina don ƙirƙirar mai haɓaka wanda zai iya canza CO2 zuwa HCOOH yadda ya kamata, kusan kashi 90% na zaɓi!
Motocin lantarki zaɓi ne mai kyau ga mutane da yawa, kuma babban dalili shine ba su da hayakin carbon. Duk da haka, babban koma-baya ga mutane da yawa shine rashin wutar lantarki da kuma tsawon lokacin caji. Wannan shine inda man fetur mai ruwa kamar fetur ke da babban fa'ida. Yawan makamashin su yana nufin dogon zango da kuma saurin cika mai.
Sauya daga fetur ko dizal zuwa wani man fetur daban na ruwa zai iya kawar da hayakin carbon yayin da yake riƙe da fa'idodin man fetur na ruwa. Misali, a cikin ƙwayar mai, formic acid na iya samar da wutar lantarki ga injin yayin da yake fitar da ruwa da carbon dioxide. Duk da haka, idan an samar da formic acid ta hanyar rage CO2 na yanayi zuwa HCOOH, to kawai fitarwar da ake samu ita ce ruwa.
Karin matakan carbon dioxide a cikin sararin samaniyarmu da kuma gudummawar da suke bayarwa ga dumamar yanayi yanzu labarai ne da suka zama ruwan dare. Yayin da masu bincike suka gwada hanyoyi daban-daban na magance matsalar, wata mafita mai inganci ta bayyana—mayar da yawan carbon dioxide a cikin sararin samaniya zuwa sinadarai masu wadataccen makamashi.
Samar da mai kamar formic acid (HCOOH) ta hanyar rage CO2 a cikin hasken rana ya jawo hankalin mutane da yawa kwanan nan saboda tsarin yana da fa'ida biyu: yana rage yawan fitar da iskar CO2 kuma yana taimakawa rage ƙarancin kuzarin da muke fuskanta a yanzu. A matsayinmu na mai ɗaukar iskar hydrogen mai yawan kuzari, HCOOH na iya samar da makamashi ta hanyar ƙonewa yayin da yake fitar da ruwa kawai a matsayin samfurin da ya rage.
Domin tabbatar da wannan mafita mai riba, masana kimiyya sun ƙirƙiro tsarin photocatalytic wanda ke rage carbon dioxide tare da taimakon hasken rana. Wannan tsarin ya ƙunshi wani abu mai ɗaukar haske (watau, mai ɗaukar haske) da kuma mai haɓaka haske wanda ke ba da damar canja wurin lantarki da yawa da ake buƙata don rage CO2 zuwa HCOOH. Kuma don haka suka fara neman masu haɓaka haske masu dacewa da inganci!
Rage yawan iskar carbon dioxide ta hanyar amfani da bayanai masu amfani da aka saba amfani da su. Credit: Farfesa Kazuhiko Maeda
Saboda ingancinsu da yuwuwar sake amfani da su, ana ɗaukar masu haɓaka ƙarfi a matsayin mafi kyawun 'yan takara don wannan aikin, kuma tsawon shekaru, an bincika ƙarfin catalytic na tsarin cobalt, manganese, nickel da ƙarfe (MOFs), daga cikinsu akwai wasu fa'idodi akan sauran karafa. Duk da haka, yawancin masu haɓaka ƙarfe sun ruwaito zuwa yanzu suna samar da carbon monoxide ne kawai a matsayin babban samfuri, ba HCOOH ba.
Duk da haka, ƙungiyar masu bincike a Cibiyar Fasaha ta Tokyo (Tokyo Tech) ƙarƙashin jagorancin Farfesa Kazuhiko Maeda ta magance wannan matsala cikin sauri. A cikin wani bincike da aka buga kwanan nan a cikin mujallar sinadarai ta Angewandte Chemie, ƙungiyar ta nuna wani mai kara kuzari mai tushen ƙarfe wanda aka tallafawa alumina (Al2O3) ta amfani da α-iron (III) oxyhydroxide (α-FeO ​​OH; geothite). Sabon mai kara kuzari na α-FeO ​​OH/Al2O3 yana nuna kyakkyawan aikin juyawar CO2 zuwa HCOOH da kuma kyakkyawan sake amfani da shi. Lokacin da aka tambaye su game da zaɓin mai kara kuzari, Farfesa Maeda ya ce: "Muna son bincika abubuwa masu yawa a matsayin masu kara kuzari a cikin tsarin rage yawan CO2. Muna buƙatar mai kara kuzari mai ƙarfi wanda yake aiki, mai sake amfani da shi, mara guba kuma mai araha. Shi ya sa muka zaɓi ma'adanai na ƙasa da aka rarraba sosai kamar goethite don gwaje-gwajenmu."
Ƙungiyar ta yi amfani da wata hanya mai sauƙi ta yin amfani da ruwa don haɗa sinadarin da ke ƙara kuzari. Sannan suka yi amfani da kayan Al2O3 masu ɗauke da ƙarfe don rage CO2 a zafin ɗaki a gaban na'urar ɗaukar haske ta ruthenium (Ru), mai ba da haske ta lantarki, da kuma haske mai haske mai tsawon inci sama da nanometer 400.
Sakamakon yana da ban sha'awa sosai. Zaɓin tsarin su don babban samfurin HCOOH ya kasance kashi 80–90% tare da yawan amfanin ƙasa na 4.3% (yana nuna ingancin tsarin).
Wannan binciken ya gabatar da wani abu na farko da aka yi amfani da shi wajen kara kuzari mai karfi wanda zai iya samar da HCOOH idan aka hada shi da ingantaccen mai daukar hoto. Ya kuma tattauna muhimmancin kayan tallafi masu kyau (Al2O3) da kuma tasirinsa akan rage tasirin photochemical.
Fahimta daga wannan binciken na iya taimakawa wajen samar da sabbin abubuwan kara kuzari marasa ƙarfe don rage iskar carbon dioxide zuwa wasu sinadarai masu amfani.” Bincikenmu ya nuna cewa hanyar zuwa tattalin arzikin makamashi mai kore ba ta da rikitarwa. Ko da hanyoyin shirya abubuwan kara kuzari masu sauƙi na iya samar da sakamako mai kyau, kuma an san cewa mahadi masu yawa na ƙasa, idan aka tallafa musu da sinadarai kamar alumina, za a iya amfani da su tare da su azaman mai kara kuzari don rage CO2,” in ji Farfesa Maeda.
Nassoshi: "Alumina-Supported Alpha-Iron (III) Oxyhydroxide a matsayin Recyclable Solid Catalyst for CO2 Photoreduction under Visible Light" by Daehyeon An, Dr. Shunta Nishioka, Dr. Shuhei Yasuda, Dr. Tomoki Kanazawa, Dr. Yoshinobu Kamakura, Dr. Yoshinobu Kamakura, Prof. Yoshinobu Kamakura, Farfesa .. Kazuhiko Maeda, 12 Mayu 2022, Angewandte Chemie.DOI: 10.1002 / anie.202204948
"A nan ne man fetur mai ruwa kamar fetur ke da babban fa'ida. Yawan makamashin da suke da shi yana nufin dogon zango da kuma saurin sake cika mai."
Yaya game da wasu lambobi? Ta yaya yawan kuzarin formic acid yake kama da fetur? Da atom ɗaya kawai na carbon a cikin dabarar sinadarai, ina shakkar zai ma kusa da fetur.
Baya ga haka, ƙamshin yana da guba sosai kuma, a matsayinsa na acid, yana da illa fiye da fetur. Waɗannan ba matsalolin injiniya ba ne da ba za a iya warwarewa ba, amma sai dai idan formic acid yana ba da fa'idodi masu yawa wajen ƙara yawan aiki da rage lokacin cika batirin, wataƙila ba shi da amfani.
Idan suka yi niyyar cire goethite daga ƙasa, zai zama aikin hakar ma'adinai mai amfani da makamashi kuma yana iya yin illa ga muhalli.
Suna iya ambaton yawan goetite a cikin ƙasa domin ina tsammanin zai buƙaci ƙarin kuzari don samun kayan da ake buƙata da kuma mayar da su don haɗa goetite.
Ya zama dole a duba dukkan zagayowar rayuwar tsarin sannan a lissafa farashin makamashin komai. NASA ba ta sami wani abu kamar harbawa kyauta ba. Wasu kuma suna buƙatar su tuna da wannan.
SciTechDaily: Gidan labaran fasaha mafi kyau tun 1998. Ci gaba da kasancewa tare da sabbin labaran fasaha ta imel ko kafofin sada zumunta.
Tunani kawai game da ɗanɗanon hayaƙi da maye na BBQ ya isa ya sa yawancin mutane su yi amai. Lokacin rani ya zo, kuma ga mutane da yawa…