Hukumar Kare Muhalli ta Amurka (EPA) tana ba da shawarar haramta yawancin amfani da dichloromethane (methylene chloride) a ƙarƙashin Dokar Kula da Abubuwa Masu Guba (TSCA), wadda ke kula da manufofin sinadarai na Amurka. Dichloromethane wani sinadari ne da ake amfani da shi sosai a cikin gwaje-gwajen samfura kamar manne, manne, matse mai da kuma manne fenti. Shi ne abu na biyu da aka tsara a ƙarƙashin tsarin Tsca da aka gyara, wanda aka ƙirƙira a shekarar 2016, bayan asbestos a bara.
Shawarar EPA ta yi kira da a haramta samar da, sarrafawa da rarraba dichloromethane ga duk amfanin masu amfani da shi, da kuma haramta yawancin amfani da masana'antu da kasuwanci, da kuma tsauraran matakan tsaro a wurin aiki don wasu amfani.
Shirin zai tsara amfani da methylene chloride a dakin gwaje-gwaje kuma tsarin kariya daga sinadarai a wurin aiki zai tsara shi, ba haramci ba. Tsarin ya takaita fallasa ga ma'aikata zuwa matsakaicin sassa 2 a kowace miliyan (ppm) na tsawon awanni 8 da kuma 16 ppm na tsawon mintuna 15.
Sabuwar Shawarar EPA Za Ta Sanya Sabbin Iyakoki Kan Matakan Fuskantar Dichloromethane a Dakunan Gwaje-gwaje
Hukumar Kare Muhalli ta gano haɗarin da ke tattare da illa ga lafiyar ɗan adam daga shaƙa da kuma fallasa fata ga methylene chloride, gami da gubar jijiyoyi da kuma tasirin da ke kan hanta. Hukumar ta kuma gano cewa shaƙa na tsawon lokaci da kuma fallasa fata ga wannan abu yana ƙara haɗarin kamuwa da cutar kansa.
Da yake sanar da shawarar hukumar a ranar 20 ga Afrilu, Manajan EPA Michael Regan ya ce: "Kimiyyar da ke bayan methylene chloride a bayyane take kuma tasirinta na iya haifar da mummunan tasirin lafiya har ma da mutuwa. Mutane da yawa sun rasa ƙaunatattunsu sakamakon guba mai tsanani." iyali.
Tun daga shekarar 1980, akalla mutane 85 ne suka mutu sakamakon kamuwa da cutar methylene chloride mai tsanani, a cewar EPA. Yawancinsu 'yan kwangilar gyaran gida ne, wasu daga cikinsu sun sami horo sosai kuma suna sanye da kayan kariya na sirri. Hukumar ta lura cewa mutane da yawa suna "jinkirin mummunan sakamako na lafiya na dogon lokaci, gami da wasu nau'ikan cutar kansa."
A lokacin gwamnatin Obama, Hukumar Kare Muhalli ta gano cewa masu cire fenti da aka yi da methylene chloride suna haifar da "haɗarin rauni ga lafiya." A shekarar 2019, hukumar ta haramta sayar da irin waɗannan kayayyakin ga masu amfani da su, amma masu fafutukar kare lafiyar jama'a sun shigar da ƙara a kotu, waɗanda suka yi jayayya cewa dokokin ba su yi nisa ba kuma ya kamata a ɗauki matakai masu tsauri da wuri.
Hukumar EPA tana sa ran za a aiwatar da mafi yawan sabbin sauye-sauyen da ta gabatar cikin watanni 15, kuma hakan ya kai kashi 52 cikin 100 na haramcin da aka yi kiyasin samarwa a kowace shekara ga TSCA. Hukumar ta ce ga mafi yawan amfani da dichloromethane da take bayarwa don hanawa, galibi ana samun wasu samfuran a farashi ɗaya.
Amma Majalisar Sinadarai ta Amurka (ACC), wacce ke wakiltar kamfanonin sinadarai na Amurka, ta mayar da martani nan take ga EPA, tana mai cewa methylene chloride "wani muhimmin sinadari ne" da ake amfani da shi wajen ƙera kayayyakin masarufi da yawa.
A martanin da ta mayar ga sanarwar EPA, ƙungiyar masana'antar ta nuna damuwa cewa wannan zai "gabatar da rashin tabbas da rudani na dokoki" ga iyakokin fallasa methylene chloride na Hukumar Tsaron Ayyuka da Lafiya ta Amurka a halin yanzu. ACC ta dage cewa EPA ba ta "ƙaddamar da cewa ya zama dole" ta sanya ƙarin iyakokin fallasa ga aiki ga waɗanda aka riga aka tsara ba.
Ƙungiyar ta kuma zargi EPA da gaza tantance tasirin shawarwarinta kan sarkar samar da kayayyaki. "Matsakaicin raguwar samar da kayayyaki cikin sauri na iya yin tasiri mai yawa ga sarkar samar da kayayyaki idan masana'antun suna da wajibcin kwangila da dole ne su bi, ko kuma idan masana'antun suka yanke shawarar dakatar da samarwa gaba ɗaya," in ji ACC. Yana shafar aikace-aikacen da suka shafi mahimmanci, gami da sarkar samar da magunguna da wasu aikace-aikacen da EPA ta ayyana masu illa ga lalata."
EPA ta ci gaba da haramcin da aka daɗe ana jira kan kayayyakin masarufi amma ta ba da damar ci gaba da amfani da su a kasuwanci.
An fara aiki da gyaran da aka daɗe ana jira na Dokar Kula da Guba, wadda ke kula da daidaita sinadarai a Amurka.
Rahoton Majalisar Wakilai ta Burtaniya ya nuna cewa gwamnati na buƙatar taka rawa sosai wajen magance matsalolin da suka shafi kimiyya.
Binciken Cassini na NASA ya gano ƙura da ƙanƙara a duniya 'yan shekaru miliyan ɗari kacal
© Royal Society of Chemistry document.write(new Date().getFullYear(); Lambar rajistar sadaka: 207890