A ranar Mayu 3, 2023, EPA ta fitar da wani tsari na Sashe na 6 (a) Dokar Kula da Haɗari mai guba (TSCA) dokar sarrafa haɗarin da ke sanya hani akan samarwa, shigo da kaya, sarrafawa, rarrabawa, da amfani da dichloromethane. amfani da sauran ƙarfi a daban-daban mabukaci da kasuwanci aikace-aikace. Wannan ita ce farkon tsarin da EPA ta gabatar da ƙa'idar sarrafa haɗarin tun lokacin da ta buga wani sake fasalin ma'anar haɗari a bara dangane da sabuwar "tsarin sinadarai" da manufofin da ke buƙatar ma'aikata kada su sa kayan kariya na sirri (PPE). . Har ila yau, yana nuna gagarumin fadada hani na ka'idoji da suka shafi sinadarai waɗanda suka riga sun kasance ƙarƙashin ƙuntatawa na sarrafa haɗari na TSCA, kodayake waɗancan hane-hane sun fi ƙuntata a ƙarƙashin tsarin aiwatar da haɗarin EPA na baya.
EPA ta ba da shawarar hana samarwa, sarrafawa da rarraba dichloromethane na kasuwanci don amfanin gida; haramta yawancin masana'antu da kasuwanci na dichloromethane; yana buƙatar tsarin kariya na wuraren aiki na kemikal mai amfani (WCPP) ya kasance yana aiki kuma ya ba da ƙayyadaddun keɓancewar amfani mai iyaka na lokaci daidai da Sashe na 6 (g) na TSCA don amfani da methylene chloride wanda in ba haka ba zai iya haifar da mummunar illa ga tsaron ƙasa da mahimman ababen more rayuwa. Masu ruwa da tsaki suna da har zuwa ranar 3 ga Yuli, 2023 don yin tsokaci kan tsarin da aka tsara.
A cikin ba da shawarar matakan kula da haɗari don dichloromethane, EPA ta gano cewa maimaita amfani da abu a cikin mabukaci, kasuwanci, da aikace-aikacen masana'antu yana buƙatar aiwatar da tsari, da farko ban, kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin Table 3 na tsarin da aka tsara. Yawancin waɗannan sharuɗɗan amfani sun haɗa da, amma ba'a iyakance su ba, amfani da masana'antu da kasuwanci na methylene chloride don tsaftace kayan kaushi, fenti da sutura (da wankewa), gurɓataccen tururi, adhesives, sealants, sealants, textiles da yadudduka, da kayayyakin kula da mota. . Har ila yau, EPA ta ƙaddara cewa duk abin da aka tantance amfanin mabukaci na dichloromethane yana buƙatar dakatar da shi.
EPA ta yi iƙirarin cewa buƙatun shawarwarin sun haramta amfani da wannan asusun kusan kashi ɗaya bisa uku na jimlar samarwa na shekara-shekara (TSCA da waɗanda ba TSCA ba) na methylene chloride da aka samar, “barin isassun hannun jari don samar da tushen da EPA ke ba da izini don ba da izini.” Ci gaba da amfani Waɗannan mahimman fa'idodin amfani ko na farko suna ta hanyar Keɓance Amfani mai Mahimmanci ko WCPP.
Da zarar EPA ta gano cewa wani abu yana da haɗari marar ma'ana na cutar da lafiyar ɗan adam ko muhalli a cikin kimanta haɗarinsa, dole ne ta gabatar da buƙatun gudanar da haɗari gwargwadon abin da ya dace don kada abun ya daina samun irin wannan haɗarin. Lokacin sanya takunkumin sarrafa haɗari akan sinadarai, EPA yakamata yayi la'akari da tasirin tattalin arziƙin ƙa'idar, gami da farashi da fa'idodi, ƙimar farashi, da tasirin mulkin akan tattalin arziki, ƙananan kasuwancin, da sabbin fasahohi. shin ko ya kamata a dakatar da abun ta hanyar fasaha da tattalin arziki akwai wasu hanyoyi.
EPA tana ba da shawarar hana amfani da methylene chloride da kwanan wata mai tasiri:
EPA ta kuma gabatar da sanarwa da buƙatun rikodi don kamfanonin da ke ba da methylene chloride ga abokan ciniki.
Yin amfani da dichloromethane don cire fenti da sutura don amfanin mabukaci ba a haɗa shi cikin wannan haramcin ba, saboda an riga an rufe wannan amfani da ka'idar kula da haɗarin EPA na yanzu da aka bayar a cikin 2019, wanda aka daidaita a cikin 40 CFR § 751.101.
Sashe na 6 (g) na TSCA yana ba EPA damar keɓance wasu hanyoyi daga buƙatun ƙa'idar sarrafa haɗari don amfani mai mahimmanci ko mahimmanci waɗanda EPA ke ɗauka akwai. Har ila yau, yana ba da izini idan EPA ta yanke shawarar cewa bin wannan buƙatu zai haifar da babbar illa ga tattalin arzikin ƙasa, tsaron ƙasa, ko muhimman ababen more rayuwa. Hukumar Kare Muhalli ta Amurka ta ba da shawarar keɓance amfani mai mahimmanci ga methylene chloride a cikin waɗannan lokuta:
WCPP na EPA da aka ba da izini don amfani da dichloromethane ya haɗa da cikakkun buƙatu don kare ma'aikata daga fallasa, gami da kariya ta numfashi, amfani da PPE, saka idanu na fallasa, horo, da wuraren da aka tsara. Yana da kyau a sani cewa EPA ta ba da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun sinadarai masu wanzuwa (ECEL) don abubuwan da ke haifar da iskar methylene chloride sama da sassa 2 a kowace miliyan (ppm) dangane da matsakaicin lokacin awo na sa'o'i 8 (TWA), wanda ya yi ƙasa da ƙaƙƙarfan Iyakar Halatta Halatta ta OSHA na yanzu (PEL) na dichloromethane shine 25 ppm. Matakin da aka tsara zai zama rabin ƙimar ECEL, wanda zai haifar da ƙarin ayyukan sa ido don tabbatar da cewa ma'aikata ba su fallasa abubuwan da ke sama da ECEL. Har ila yau, EPA tana ba da shawarar saita iyakacin ɗaukar hoto na ɗan gajeren lokaci (EPA STEL) na 16 ppm akan lokacin samfur na mintuna 15.
Maimakon dakatarwa, EPA ta ba da shawarar buƙatu don kare ma'aikata a ƙarƙashin waɗannan sharuɗɗan amfani:
Processing: A matsayin reagent. Lura cewa EPA yana ba da damar wannan amfani don ci gaba a ƙarƙashin WCPP saboda yana la'akari da cewa ana sake yin amfani da adadi mai yawa na dichloromethane don waɗannan amfanin, kusan duk ana amfani da su don samar da HFC-32. HFC-32 yana daya daga cikin abubuwan da ake sarrafawa a ƙarƙashin Dokar Ƙirƙirar Ƙirƙirar Amurka da Ƙarfafawa (AIM Act) na 2020. EPA tana tsammanin cewa ta hanyar ba da izini ga HFC-32, wannan ƙa'idar ba zai hana ƙoƙarin matsawa don rage yiwuwar dumamar yanayi ba.
Yin amfani da masana'antu ko kasuwanci don cire fenti da sutura daga mahimmin aminci, lalata-lalata jirgin sama da abubuwan da ke tattare da kumbon sararin samaniya mallakar Ma'aikatar Tsaro ta Amurka, NASA, Tsaron Gida, da Hukumar Kula da Jiragen Sama ta Tarayya, wata hukuma, ko wata hukuma da ke yin ƴan kwangila a wurare, wanda wata hukuma ko ɗan kwangilar hukuma ke sarrafawa.
Yin amfani da masana'antu ko kasuwanci azaman manne don acrylic da polycarbonate a cikin manyan motocin soja da sararin samaniya, gami da samar da batura na musamman ko ƴan kwangilar hukuma.
Masu ruwa da tsaki waɗanda suka ƙera, sarrafawa, rarraba, ko kuma amfani da methylene chloride don kowane yanayin amfani da EPA da aka tantance na iya sha'awar yin tsokaci kan abubuwa da yawa na wannan ƙa'idar kafa tsarin da aka tsara. Ƙungiyoyi masu sha'awar za su iya yin la'akari da ba da gudummawa ga EPA a wurare masu zuwa:
Tantance Hanyar Gudanar da Hadarin ga Sharuɗɗan Amfani: Masu ruwa da tsaki na iya so su kimanta ko abubuwan da ake buƙata na gudanar da haɗari don kowane yanayin amfani sun yi daidai da ƙimar haɗarin EPA na methylene chloride ga kowane yanayin amfani da EPA. ™ Ikon doka ƙarƙashin Sashe na 6 na TSCA. Alal misali, idan EPA ta gano cewa bayyanar fata ga methylene chloride a ƙarƙashin wasu sharuɗɗan amfani yana haifar da haɗari mara kyau, kuma idan EPA na buƙatar fiye da kariya ta fata don rage haɗarin, masu ruwa da tsaki na iya yin la'akari da dacewa da irin waɗannan ƙarin buƙatun. .
Farashin: EPA ta ƙididdige ƙarin farashin rashin rufewa da ke da alaƙa da wannan ƙa'idar da aka tsara akan dala miliyan 13.2 sama da shekaru 20 a ƙimar rangwame 3% da $14.5 miliyan sama da shekaru 20 akan ƙimar ragi na 7%. Masu ruwa da tsaki na iya so su kimanta ko waɗannan farashin da aka zayyana sun ƙunshi duk abubuwan aiwatar da ƙa'idar da aka tsara, gami da farashin sake aiwatarwa (haramcin amfani) ko bin ka'idojin WCPP don ba da damar ci gaba da amfani, gami da yarda da ECEL 2 ppm.
Bukatun WCPP: Don sharuɗɗan amfani da EPA ke ba da shawarar haramtawa, masu ruwa da tsaki na iya tantance ko suna da bayanan da ke goyan bayan bin WCPP waɗanda za su iya rage fallasa sosai maimakon dakatarwa (musamman don yanayin amfani inda EPA ta ba da shawarar WCPP a matsayin madadin farko, wanda aka gabatar a cikin tsarin da aka tsara, Madadin zuwa ga dakatarwa a cikin masu ruwa da tsaki, WCSHA zai iya yin la'akari da cancantar WC misali ga methylene chloride.
Tsawon lokaci: Masu ruwa da tsaki na iya yin la'akari da ko tsarin dakatarwar da aka gabatar zai yiwu kuma wasu amfani sun cancanci yin la'akari da keɓance ƙayyadaddun amfani mai ƙayyadaddun lokaci daidai da ƙa'idodin doka don keɓancewar amfani mai mahimmanci.
Madadin: Masu ruwa da tsaki na iya yin tsokaci game da kimantawar EPA na hanyoyin maye gurbin methylene chloride kuma su ga ko akwai araha, mafi aminci madadin canzawa zuwa haramtacciyar amfani a ƙarƙashin doka.
Ƙananan Matakai: EPA ta buƙaci takamaiman bayani game da adadin wuraren da za su iya kasawa da kuma farashin da ke da alaƙa, kuma ta haramta amfani da dichloromethane a ƙarƙashin wasu sharuɗɗan amfani da masana'antu da kasuwanci da aka ƙayyade a cikin tsarin da aka tsara. Har ila yau, EPA na son yin tsokaci kan ko mafi ƙarancin matakan methylene chloride (misali 0.1% ko 0.5%) a cikin wasu ƙayyadaddun tsari don dorewar masana'antu da kasuwanci yakamata a yi la'akari da lokacin da aka kammala haramcin, kuma idan haka ne, wane matakan yakamata a ɗauka a matsayin ƙaramin ƙarami.
Takaddun shaida da Horarwa: A cikin shawarwarin ta, EPA ta bayyana cewa ta kuma yi la'akari da iyakar abin da takaddun shaida da ƙuntatawa shirye-shiryen ke hana amfani da methylene chloride ga masu amfani da horarwa da masu lasisi don tabbatar da cewa wasu ma'aikatan shuka ne kawai za su iya saya da amfani da dichloromethane. Masu ruwa da tsaki na iya yin sharhi kan ko takaddun shaida da shirye-shiryen horarwa na iya yin tasiri wajen rage bayyanar ma'aikaci a matsayin tsarin kula da haɗari a ƙarƙashin wasu sharuɗɗan amfani, gami da yanayin amfani da EPA ke ba da shawarar haramtawa.
Yin la'akari da kwarewarsa a matsayin mai ba da shawara a cikin gida kuma a matsayin lauya mai zaman kansa, Javane yana taimaka wa abokan ciniki da abubuwan da suka shafi sinadaran, muhalli da ka'idoji.
A matsayin wani ɓangare na aikin muhalli na Javaneh, yana ba abokan ciniki shawara game da bin doka da aiwatar da al'amuran da suka taso daga yawancin dokokin sinadarai, gami da Dokar Kula da Abubuwan Guba (TSCA), Dokar Magungunan Gwari na Tarayya, Fungicides da Rodenticides Act (FIFRA), da Shawarar Jiha 65 California da samfuran tsaftacewa. Doka akan hakkin samun bayanai. Hakanan tana taimakawa abokan ciniki haɓaka…
Tsohon Babban Mataimakin Mataimakin Shugaban Hukumar Kula da Muhalli ta Amurka (EPA), Greg ya kawo zurfin iliminsa na hukuma, tsari da aiwatarwa don taimakawa abokan ciniki warware matsalolin muhalli masu rikitarwa tare da gogewa a cikin lamuran shari'a na CERCLA/Superfund, filayen da aka watsar, RCRA, FIFRA da TSCA.
Greg yana da fiye da shekaru 15 na gogewa a cikin dokar muhalli, yana taimaka wa abokan ciniki a cikin tsari, aiwatarwa, ƙararraki da al'amuran kasuwanci. Kwarewarsa a cikin ayyukan sirri da na jama'a, musamman a Hukumar Kare Muhalli, ya ba shi damar…
Nancy tana ba da shawara ga shugabannin masana'antu game da tasirin manufofin muhalli, gami da ka'idojin sinadarai da shirye-shiryen bin doka, da zana zurfin iliminta da ƙwarewar aiki a cikin lafiyar jama'a a matsayin Doctor na Toxicology.
Nancy tana da fiye da shekaru 20 na kwarewar lafiyar jama'a, 16 daga cikinsu sun kasance a lokacinta a gwamnati, gami da manyan mukamai a Hukumar Kare Muhalli (EPA) da Fadar White House. A matsayinta na Likita na Toxicology, tana da zurfin ilimin kimiyya a kimanta haɗarin sinadarai,…
A matsayin tsohon mai ba da shawara ga Hukumar Kare Muhalli ta Amurka, tsohon mai ba da shawara ga Sashen Kare Muhalli na Florida, kuma tsohon lauyan kare muhalli na Ma'aikatar Shari'a ta Amurka, Matt yana ba da shawara da kare abokan ciniki a masana'antu iri-iri daga mahangar dabaru.
Matt yana ba abokan cinikinsa kwarewa mai yawa da kuma sanin mahimman abubuwan da suka faru kwanan nan a cikin ƙa'idodin muhalli. A matsayinsa na Babban Lauyan EPA, ya ba da shawara kan haɓakawa da kare kusan kowace babbar ƙa'ida da EPA ta gabatar tun daga 2017, kuma da kansa…
Paul Niffeler kwararre ne na Dokokin Muhalli a ofishin Hunton Andrews Kurth's Richmond tare da fiye da shekaru 15 na gwaninta yana ba abokan ciniki shawarwari na tsari, shawarwarin bin doka da kuma jagorantar lauyoyin muhalli da na farar hula a matakin gwaji da daukaka kara.
Bulus yana da al'ada iri-iri da ke mai da hankali kan ƙa'ida da bin ka'idodin sinadarai, dokar sharar haɗari, da ruwa, ruwan ƙasa, da ruwan sha. Ya fahimci ainihin tsarin fasaha da jihohi da tarayya ke amfani da su…
Kafin amfani da gidan yanar gizon Bita na Dokokin Ƙasa, dole ne ku karanta, fahimta, kuma ku yarda da Sharuɗɗan Amfani da Manufofin Sirri na Bitar Dokokin Ƙasa (NLR) da National Law Forum LLC. Bita na Doka ta Ƙasa kyauta ce ta bayanan doka da na kasuwanci, ba a buƙatar shiga ba. Abubuwan da ke ciki da hanyoyin haɗi zuwa www.NatLawReview.com don cikakken bayani ne kawai. Duk wani bincike na shari'a, sabunta doka ko wasu abun ciki da haɗin kai bai kamata a yi la'akari da doka ko shawara na ƙwararru ko madadin irin wannan shawara ba. Wayar da bayanai tsakanin ku da gidan yanar gizon Binciken Shari'a na Ƙasa ko kowane kamfani na lauya, lauya, ko wasu ƙwararru ko ƙungiyar waɗanda abun ciki ke kunshe a gidan yanar gizon Binciken Dokokin Ƙasa ba ya haifar da abokin ciniki-abokin ciniki ko dangantakar sirri. Idan kuna buƙatar shawara na doka ko ƙwararru, da fatan za a tuntuɓi lauya ko wani mai ba da shawara ƙwararrun da ya dace. A
Wasu jihohi suna da ƙa'idodin doka da ɗa'a game da haɗin gwiwa da haɓaka lauyoyi da/ko wasu ƙwararru. Bita na Dokokin Ƙasa ba kamfanin lauya bane kuma www.NatLawReview.com ba sabis ne na neman lauyoyi da/ko wasu ƙwararru ba. NLR ba ya son ko yana da niyyar kutsawa cikin kasuwancin kowa ko tura kowa zuwa ga lauya ko wasu ƙwararru. NLR ba ya amsa tambayoyin doka kuma ba zai tura ku zuwa ga lauya ko wani ƙwararru ba idan kun nemi irin wannan bayanin daga gare mu.
Dangane da dokokin wasu jihohi, ana iya buƙatar sanarwa masu zuwa akan wannan rukunin yanar gizon, waɗanda muke aikawa cikin cikakken bin waɗannan ƙa'idodin. Zaɓin lauya ko wasu ƙwararru muhimmin shawara ne kuma bai kamata ya dogara da talla kawai ba. Sanarwa ta Talla ta Lauya: Sakamakon da ya gabata baya bada garantin sakamako iri ɗaya. Bayanin Yarda da Dokokin Texas na Da'ar Ƙwararru. Sai dai in an lura da haka, Hukumar Kula da Shari'a ta Texas ba ta ba da takardar shedar lauyoyi ba kuma NLR ba za ta iya tabbatar da daidaiton kowane nadi na ƙwararrun doka ko wasu takaddun shaida na ƙwararru ba.
The National Law Review – National Law Forum LLC 3 Grant Square #141 Hinsdale, IL 60521 (708) 357-3317 ko kyauta (877) 357-3317. Idan kuna son tuntuɓar mu ta imel, da fatan za a danna nan.