A ranar 3 ga Mayu, 2023, Hukumar EPA ta buga wata doka da aka gabatar a cikin Rijistar Tarayya don hana yawancin amfani da methylene chloride.
, kuma dichloromethane shine sinadari na biyu wanda aka tsara haɗarinsa a ƙarƙashin tsarin gyaran da Frank R. Lautenberg ya ƙirƙira. Dokar Tsaron Sinadarai ta ƙarni na 21 ta 2016. A bara, hukumar ta gabatar da matakai don kare mutane daga fallasa asbestos.
Ana amfani da Dichloromethane ta hanyoyi daban-daban, ciki har da amfani da masu amfani kamar su na'urorin rage man shafawa da masu tsaftace goge don fenti da shafa fenti, aikace-aikacen kasuwanci kamar manne da sealants, da kuma aikace-aikacen masana'antu don samar da wasu sinadarai. Misali, ana amfani da dichloromethane a matsayin matsakaiciyar sinadarai wajen samar da hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) 32, waɗanda ake amfani da su a cikin na'urorin sanyaya daki da aka tsara don maye gurbin abubuwa da ƙarfin dumamar yanayi mafi girma.
Aƙalla marasa lafiya 85 ne suka mutu sakamakon kamuwa da cutar methylene chloride mai tsanani tun daga shekarar 1980, a cewar Hukumar Kare Muhalli, yawancinsu ma'aikatan kwangilar gyaran gidaje ne, koda kuwa an horar da su sosai kuma an sanya musu kayan kariya na sirri.
Ma'anar da hukumar ta yi game da haɗarin dichloromethane ba ta da ma'ana kuma ta dogara ne akan haɗarin da ke tattare da ma'aikata, ƙwararrun waɗanda ba sa amfani da sinadarin (ma'aikatan da ke kusa amma ba sa fuskantar haɗarin kai tsaye ga sinadarin), masu amfani da shi da waɗanda ke kusa da masu amfani da shi. Hukumar Kare Muhalli ta gano haɗarin mummunan tasirin lafiyar ɗan adam daga shaƙa da fallasa fata ga methylene chloride, gami da gubar jijiyoyi, tasirin hanta, da ciwon daji.
Dokokin kula da haɗari da aka gabatar za su rage samar da, sarrafawa da rarraba methylene chloride cikin sauri ga duk amfanin masu amfani da kuma yawancin amfani da masana'antu da kasuwanci, waɗanda mafi yawansu za a cika su cikin watanni 15. Binciken ya nuna cewa ga yawancin amfani da methylene chloride da EPA ta gabatar don hana, galibi ana samun samfuran madadin tare da farashi da inganci iri ɗaya da samfuran methylene chloride.
"Shaidar kimiyya game da methylene chloride a bayyane take, kuma fallasa ga methylene chloride na iya haifar da mummunan sakamako ga lafiya, har ma da mutuwa, ga mutane da yawa," in ji shugaban EPA Michael S. Regan a cikin wata sanarwa daga hukumar. ya rasa ƙaunatattun mutane saboda guba mai tsanani. "Shi ya sa EPA ke ɗaukar mataki don ba da shawarar hana yawancin amfani da wannan sinadari, da kuma kare lafiyar ma'aikata da rage fallasa a duk wasu yanayi ta hanyar gabatar da tsauraran matakan tsaro a wurin aiki. Wannan haramcin tarihi da aka gabatar yana nuna babban ci gaba da muka samu wajen aiwatar da sabbin kariyar sinadarai da kuma ɗaukar matakan da aka daɗe ana jira don kare lafiyar jama'a."
"Ga masana'antu, sarrafa masana'antu, da amfani da gwamnati ta amince da shi wanda EPA ba ta ba da shawarar hana shi ba, EPA tana ba da shirin kariya daga sinadarai a wurin aiki wanda ya haɗa da tsauraran iyakokin fallasa don kare ma'aikata," in ji ta a cikin wata sanarwa. tana iya riga ta cika ƙa'idodin fallasa methylene chloride da aka tsara. Waɗannan buƙatun da aka gabatar za su ba da damar ci gaba da sarrafa methylene chloride don samar da sinadarai masu mahimmanci wajen yaƙi da ɗumamar yanayi. Na'urorin sanyaya daki masu dacewa da yanayi da sauran sinadarai suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen yaƙi da sauyin yanayi. , kuma dokar da EPA ta gabatar tana goyon bayan ƙarin ƙoƙarin rage hayaki mai gurbata muhalli."
Bugu da ƙari, EPA ta ba da shawarar cewa a ci gaba da sarrafa wasu amfani da dichloromethane da NASA, DOD da FAA ke buƙata a wurin aiki, domin ana iya rage yawan kamuwa da cutar a cikin waɗannan mawuyacin yanayi, ta haka rage haɗarin da ke tattare da ma'aikata.
Sanarwar ta ce, "Hanawa da takunkumin da aka gabatar za su kuma kare al'umma daga kamuwa da methylene chloride." "Ta hanyar amfani da bayanai na tsawon shekaru shida na fallasa gawarwakin da aka fitar, EPA ta gano ƙananan wurare a matsayin haɗari ga al'ummomin da aka yi wa shinge. Haramcin da aka yi a cikin dokar da EPA ta gabatar zai shafi ci gaba da amfani da methylene chloride a mafi yawan irin waɗannan wurare, ta yadda zai kawar da haɗarin da ke tattare da haɗarin ga al'ummomin da ke makwabtaka."
Za a karɓi ra'ayoyi kan ƙa'idar da aka tsara ta hanyar Tashar Dokokin Lantarki ta Tarayya, lambar fayil EPA-HQ-OPPT-2020-0465, wa'adin ƙarshe na Yuli 3, 2023.
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